Optimal Carbon Storage in Mixed-Species Size-Structured Forests

Abstract We extend the study of economically optimal carbon storage to a previously unexplored forest type, mixed-species size-structured stands. The ecological model applied in is transition matrix with growth functions for boreal Norway spruce ( Picea abies (L.) Karst.), birch Betula pendula Roth and B. pubescens Ehrh.), other broadleaves. broadleaved trees are assumed have no commercial value. maximize sum timber revenues value by optimizing timing intensity thinnings potentially infinite rotation age. optimization problem solved its general dynamic form using gradient-based interior point methods genetic algorithm. present results mixed stand birch, spruce, broadleaves, compare these pure stand. show that pricing increases volume postponing harvests limiting them larger trees, changes species composition increasing share relative birch. Further, incentivizes maintaining broadleaves despite their lack value, thus tree diversity. find sawlog total yields increase price. higher number stand, lower marginal cost storage.